Rough Notes, and posts to be referenced from elsewhere, on VBA Windows API

[DocAElstein]

Rough Notes on VBA Windows API Introduction Part 1


If, for now we restrict ourselves, to the subject area of Excel VBA Windows API, we can consider us to be talking most often about another, and/or similar to other ways, ( such as the so called External shared libraries (https://www.excelfox.com/forum/showthread.php/2240-VBA-referring-to-external-shared-Libraries-1)-Early-1-5)-Laterly-Early-and-2)-Late-Binding-Techniques)), to control or communicate with things outside of Excel, or even sometimes in Excel.
More broadly speaking we are controlling or communicating with windows. (An existing window is often seen as based on a Class, and we are messing with the window/ manipulating the window, so what we are doing may sometimes be regarded as Sub Classing)

Manipulating "Windows”.
It would appear initially that the word “Windows” is a name for a programming idea which might result in something we “see” as what we conceive as Windows. But, a window is a vague concept. It includes what we see as windows and other things.
Manipulating of the actual “Windows” seems the key to pseudo “making my own” Class or of a API Function or a Window thing from it
Doing this in any language is a task for a computer genius, and in Visual Basic, (In particular Visual Basic for Applications), the documentation is very sparse. But “ API User 32 dll Programs” would appear to make this possible.
It would appear that direct linked libraries (dll) are available to run as and when required, hence the wording of direct link: They are used as an efficient means to organise Microsoft’s software generally allowing different Applications to share smaller programs which are shipped as standard with the Microsoft Windows Operating system. They are however also available to programmers, programming the applications. Hence Application Programming Interface
There are some similarities between a .dll file and a .exe file. The main difference is that we usually need to organise how and when it is used in Windows, hence I say Manipulating "Windows"

API , “API Calls”
Such things get bundled up in an imprecise intimidating term API, for Application Programming Interface. They are usually contained in a Folder with a name similar to User 32.
Another seemingly intimidating phrase is “API call”. You may hear the term “I am using API calls”. It just means usually that you are using those things and related “Windows” concept
I have been told by some professionals that in actual fact these Library programs are organised in a similar way to the Libraries that one can pseudo Import by “checking a reference” in the list of available to VBA code libraries. However by some subtlety that they are not sure about they cannot be used in a code in the way of through declaring ( Dim ing ) them and then after assigning a variable using that variable to “get at” the various Methods / Functions inside them. Perhaps they are slightly more run time things, even though I have heard that the other Libraries are as well. Perhaps it can depend on the exact thing.
When we are involved with VBA, it is difficult sometimes perhaps to distinguish between an end user and a professional programmer. The so called External shared libraries (https://www.excelfox.com/forum/showthread.php/2240-VBA-referring-to-external-shared-Libraries-1)-Early-1-5)-Laterly-Early-and-2)-Late-Binding-Techniques) may be regarded as for the end user, whereas the API things could be regarded as intended for a programmer.
In place of the normal declaring ( Dim ing ) that would be within a routine, in the case of the Library programs being used here, you must do a sort of initial globial type Declaration.

Declareing Declare Type Functions
You don’t always need the AliAs bit in these things. ( It just means _ this Lib "user32" _ Ali As ¬_ “that” _ (that is the Microsoft name , this is any name that I choose to use) ). Occasionally something can only be done to the AliAs where numbers and variable used to refer to things are concerned. It is subtle general point in computing that you might get problems when a number is used to refer to something that might take or give a number at some point. But you might need to do that, so having an intermediate word is a workaround for that so that the number is set to a word which is then related to a word that might be being referred to or returning a number.
Function = Word
Word = 873248
So the Function can be referred to by a number indirectly, --- occasionally this may not be possible directly, --- Function =837547 might error for subtle computer reasons.
It seems to do no harm to use an AliAs when you don’t need it and it helps to make a code prettier.

Once Declared you can think of them to a first approximation as a function written in a code module in the Folder on your computer with the name something like “User32” or “User32dll” or similar. You then use them to a very crude approximation as you would any conventional function that you may have made and which is typically in a VBA code module, like pseudo
_ x = SetWindowsHookExample( 3 , y , _..__…… etc )
x would need to be a variable declared at the top of the module I think, as would possibly be some of the signature line arguments in the Function, but note those arguments could also be a pseudo function, - pseudo as the address/ location of the function is given. (That function may, for example, be set off by something going on in a window at some point). The possibilities and construction of the signature line in a API Declare Function line are not as simply defined as in a standard VBA Function


For use in a normal code you can use Private or Pubic. As in convectional VBA Functions Pubic will not confine the use of the function to the macro module in which it is in.
For a class code module, such as a worksheet code module ( To get there, right click the worksheet's tab and select View Code ), these Declare type functions must be Private

Owned “Windows”, and/ or z order.
It is well above my knowledge to explain all concepts here, and as noted some things will have to be read as “on the tin” or in other words its faecile value.
A Pop up is apparently always the one on top of to be seen ( “above on the screen “z axis” “ , - as a approximation the z axis is in the direction looking at it ) of the Window to which they belong and they always “belong”” to a parent window… well maybe something is not quite clear there…
It is not always clear what “z option” does what, and even professionals sometimes seem to choose it from trial and error .
But anyway these are two things that will need to be taken into the equation… or rather the “API calls” that we do..

Hooking a “Window” to Handle it ..Computer Bollox terminology.
I have needed to get some terms undefined correctly. Words like Handle and Hook are computer terms similar to the word Bollox in normal language and can be used alone or in conjunction with other words to have some meaning possibly in the context in which they are used but cannot have any precise meaning. Defining them as some computer bollox to do with handling and identifying Windows is a useful way to understand these terms.
Some handle bollox will need to be taken into the equation… or rather the “API calls” that I do..
Some published literature even supports my somewhat naive and critical resume, saying the words can mean a number of things. In our case the handle can be thought a number identifying a Window. A Hook can be thought of as hook or trip trap placed in some run or chain of events cause shuddering or jerking off of a procedure.


Handleing
When doing VBA Windows API coding, a "handle" seems to play a major role. It is an identification number / address/ pointer , or similar, which is required in much coding, as one might reasonably expect, in order that a coding knows which window or windows that we want to manipulate. One problem/s is that, although a window may have some known fixed name, this number is more often what is required in coding, and those numbers are not fixed, but rather are somehow generated and given each time to a software when it us running so that that software can access the windows, without us knowing any specific memory location/ address of things. Possibly that is done to make it more difficult to hack things . We are not privy to exactly how the numbers are generated, so we can consider them as random. ( Not all possible numbers are used, so it is possible that the same number is re used, but it is random chance if it is).
To make things worse,
_ getting the number seems to be not always reliable, and not all things that should do work.
_ to get at most windows would require some sort of navigating of an explorer tree like structure.
There are several API functions, that is to say Declareation Functions available to get the handle, and one or more may need to be used for a particular coding situation.
So getting the handle/ using handle related Declareation Functions can be a good start point when learning VBA Windows

[DocAElstein]

Dumping Logs for support of this Thread Post:
http://www.excelfox.com/forum/showthread.php/2227-VBA-Input-Pop-up-Boxes-Application-InputBox-Method-versus-VBA-InputBox-Function?p=10476#post10476

Test Function used to produce the Log below


'Going a HoldYaBackCalledYaBackClapTrapRuc - Copy number_GlobinalCntChopsLog - a few copies of this are made and run. (Recursion)
'_-=Rem 4===================??? Got me hook lochprocedue in my code , 5 times simple run then another + 29 new copies of it are run = 5+30=35 times in total calling it it a few times http://www.excelfox.com/forum/showthread.php/1324-Loop-Through-Files-In-A-Folder-Using-VBA#post10421 .... wanking myself up and down a few times
Private Function HoldYaBackCalledYaBackClapTrapRuc(ByVal lMsg As Long, ByVal wParam As Long, ByVal lParam As Long) As Long ' ByVal CopyNumberFroNxtLvl As Long) As Long
Let GlobinalCntChopsLog = GlobinalCntChopsLog + 1: Debug.Print " Going a HoldYaBackCalledYaBackClapTrapRuc"; GlobinalCntChopsLog; "(1Msg"; lMsg; ", wParam"; wParam; ", lParam"; lParam; ") Function Copy Number_"; GlobinalCntChopsLog
'If GlobinalCntChopsLog = 2 Then Let GlobinalCntChopsLog = GlobinalCntChopsLog - 1: UnHookWindowsHookCodEx hHookTrapCrapNumber: Exit Function
If lMsg = 5 Then '_-.... ( Hook type: HCBT_ACTIVATE = 5 but not here?) ... this runs a further 29 copies of HoldYaBackCalledYaBackClapTrap all coming here, so 30 times in total
Debug.Print "Expose Interface"; Tab(30); GlobinalCntChopsLog
SetWindowPosition wParam, 0, poX, pussY, 400, 150, 40 ' SWP_NOZORDER is 4 .. but not here?? 'SWP_NOSIZE + SWP_NOZORDER ' Pull the Chainge position ...
UnHookWindowsHookCodEx hHookTrapCrapNumber ' Release the Hook 30 times this is done
Else
Debug.Print "No InterOfCourse"; Tab(30); GlobinalCntChopsLog; Tab(50); hHookTrapCrapNumber
End If ' 5 times here then '_-....
Debug.Print "Wipe chain WRap"; Tab(30); GlobinalCntChopsLog; Tab(50); hHookTrapCrapNumber
Let HoldYaBackCalledYaBackClapTrapRuc = 0 ' Done 5+30=35 times in total '0 (or False) makes it work, all other numbers and I get no Message box
Let GlobinalCntChopsLog = GlobinalCntChopsLog - 1
End Function ' HoldYaBackCalledYaBackClapTrapRuc





---------------------------
MutsNuts AkaApi working ApplicationPromptToRangeInputBox
---------------------------
Select Range
---------------------------
OK
---------------------------

WndNumber 66770 HandleWndOfMyParent 983700 hWndDskTop 66204 hHookTrapCrapNumber
State of Much Such Penialtration's Number HookCodeXcretion's
================== AliAs Pull of my chain AliAs my long Hook
0
Going a HoldYaBackCalledYaBackClapTrapRuc 1 (1Msg 3 , wParam 2623104 , lParam 2353392 ) Function Copy Number_ 1
No InterOfCourse 1 276039693
Wipe chain WRap 1 276039693
Going a HoldYaBackCalledYaBackClapTrapRuc 1 (1Msg 3 , wParam 1377832 , lParam 2353500 ) Function Copy Number_ 1
No InterOfCourse 1 276039693
Wipe chain WRap 1 276039693
Going a HoldYaBackCalledYaBackClapTrapRuc 1 (1Msg 3 , wParam 3934358 , lParam 2353500 ) Function Copy Number_ 1
No InterOfCourse 1 276039693
Wipe chain WRap 1 276039693
Going a HoldYaBackCalledYaBackClapTrapRuc 1 (1Msg 3 , wParam 984706 , lParam 2353480 ) Function Copy Number_ 1
No InterOfCourse 1 276039693
Wipe chain WRap 1 276039693
Going a HoldYaBackCalledYaBackClapTrapRuc 1 (1Msg 9 , wParam 3934358 , lParam 66766 ) Function Copy Number_ 1
No InterOfCourse 1 276039693
Wipe chain WRap 1 276039693
Going a HoldYaBackCalledYaBackClapTrapRuc 1 (1Msg 5 , wParam 2623104 , lParam 2353812 ) Function Copy Number_ 1
Expose Interface 1
Going a HoldYaBackCalledYaBackClapTrapRuc 2 (1Msg 5 , wParam 2623104 , lParam 2353500 ) Function Copy Number_ 2
Expose Interface 2
Going a HoldYaBackCalledYaBackClapTrapRuc 3 (1Msg 5 , wParam 2623104 , lParam 2353188 ) Function Copy Number_ 3
Expose Interface 3
Going a HoldYaBackCalledYaBackClapTrapRuc 4 (1Msg 5 , wParam 2623104 , lParam 2352876 ) Function Copy Number_ 4
Expose Interface 4
Going a HoldYaBackCalledYaBackClapTrapRuc 5 (1Msg 5 , wParam 2623104 , lParam 2352564 ) Function Copy Number_ 5
Expose Interface 5
Going a HoldYaBackCalledYaBackClapTrapRuc 6 (1Msg 5 , wParam 2623104 , lParam 2352252 ) Function Copy Number_ 6
Expose Interface 6
Going a HoldYaBackCalledYaBackClapTrapRuc 7 (1Msg 5 , wParam 2623104 , lParam 2351940 ) Function Copy Number_ 7
Expose Interface 7
Going a HoldYaBackCalledYaBackClapTrapRuc 8 (1Msg 5 , wParam 2623104 , lParam 2351628 ) Function Copy Number_ 8
Expose Interface 8
Going a HoldYaBackCalledYaBackClapTrapRuc 9 (1Msg 5 , wParam 2623104 , lParam 2351316 ) Function Copy Number_ 9
Expose Interface 9
Going a HoldYaBackCalledYaBackClapTrapRuc 10 (1Msg 5 , wParam 2623104 , lParam 2351004 ) Function Copy Number_ 10
Expose Interface 10
Going a HoldYaBackCalledYaBackClapTrapRuc 11 (1Msg 5 , wParam 2623104 , lParam 2350692 ) Function Copy Number_ 11
Expose Interface 11
Going a HoldYaBackCalledYaBackClapTrapRuc 12 (1Msg 5 , wParam 2623104 , lParam 2350380 ) Function Copy Number_ 12
Expose Interface 12
Going a HoldYaBackCalledYaBackClapTrapRuc 13 (1Msg 5 , wParam 2623104 , lParam 2350068 ) Function Copy Number_ 13
Expose Interface 13
Going a HoldYaBackCalledYaBackClapTrapRuc 14 (1Msg 5 , wParam 2623104 , lParam 2349756 ) Function Copy Number_ 14
Expose Interface 14
Going a HoldYaBackCalledYaBackClapTrapRuc 15 (1Msg 5 , wParam 2623104 , lParam 2349444 ) Function Copy Number_ 15
Expose Interface 15
Going a HoldYaBackCalledYaBackClapTrapRuc 16 (1Msg 5 , wParam 2623104 , lParam 2349132 ) Function Copy Number_ 16
Expose Interface 16
Going a HoldYaBackCalledYaBackClapTrapRuc 17 (1Msg 5 , wParam 2623104 , lParam 2348820 ) Function Copy Number_ 17
Expose Interface 17
Going a HoldYaBackCalledYaBackClapTrapRuc 18 (1Msg 5 , wParam 2623104 , lParam 2348508 ) Function Copy Number_ 18
Expose Interface 18
Going a HoldYaBackCalledYaBackClapTrapRuc 19 (1Msg 5 , wParam 2623104 , lParam 2348196 ) Function Copy Number_ 19
Expose Interface 19
Going a HoldYaBackCalledYaBackClapTrapRuc 20 (1Msg 5 , wParam 2623104 , lParam 2347884 ) Function Copy Number_ 20
Expose Interface 20
Going a HoldYaBackCalledYaBackClapTrapRuc 21 (1Msg 5 , wParam 2623104 , lParam 2347572 ) Function Copy Number_ 21
Expose Interface 21
Going a HoldYaBackCalledYaBackClapTrapRuc 22 (1Msg 5 , wParam 2623104 , lParam 2347260 ) Function Copy Number_ 22
Expose Interface 22
Going a HoldYaBackCalledYaBackClapTrapRuc 23 (1Msg 5 , wParam 2623104 , lParam 2346948 ) Function Copy Number_ 23
Expose Interface 23
Going a HoldYaBackCalledYaBackClapTrapRuc 24 (1Msg 5 , wParam 2623104 , lParam 2346636 ) Function Copy Number_ 24
Expose Interface 24
Going a HoldYaBackCalledYaBackClapTrapRuc 25 (1Msg 5 , wParam 2623104 , lParam 2346324 ) Function Copy Number_ 25
Expose Interface 25
Going a HoldYaBackCalledYaBackClapTrapRuc 26 (1Msg 5 , wParam 2623104 , lParam 2346012 ) Function Copy Number_ 26
Expose Interface 26
Going a HoldYaBackCalledYaBackClapTrapRuc 27 (1Msg 5 , wParam 2623104 , lParam 2345700 ) Function Copy Number_ 27
Expose Interface 27
Going a HoldYaBackCalledYaBackClapTrapRuc 28 (1Msg 5 , wParam 2623104 , lParam 2345388 ) Function Copy Number_ 28
Expose Interface 28
Going a HoldYaBackCalledYaBackClapTrapRuc 29 (1Msg 5 , wParam 2623104 , lParam 2345076 ) Function Copy Number_ 29
Expose Interface 29
Going a HoldYaBackCalledYaBackClapTrapRuc 30 (1Msg 5 , wParam 2623104 , lParam 2344764 ) Function Copy Number_ 30
Expose Interface 30
Wipe chain WRap 30 276039693
Wipe chain WRap 29 276039693
Wipe chain WRap 28 276039693
Wipe chain WRap 27 276039693
Wipe chain WRap 26 276039693
Wipe chain WRap 25 276039693
Wipe chain WRap 24 276039693
Wipe chain WRap 23 276039693
Wipe chain WRap 22 276039693
Wipe chain WRap 21 276039693
Wipe chain WRap 20 276039693
Wipe chain WRap 19 276039693
Wipe chain WRap 18 276039693
Wipe chain WRap 17 276039693
Wipe chain WRap 16 276039693
Wipe chain WRap 15 276039693
Wipe chain WRap 14 276039693
Wipe chain WRap 13 276039693
Wipe chain WRap 12 276039693
Wipe chain WRap 11 276039693
Wipe chain WRap 10 276039693
Wipe chain WRap 9 276039693
Wipe chain WRap 8 276039693
Wipe chain WRap 7 276039693
Wipe chain WRap 6 276039693
Wipe chain WRap 5 276039693
Wipe chain WRap 4 276039693
Wipe chain WRap 3 276039693
Wipe chain WRap 2 276039693
Wipe chain WRap 1 276039693



_-.__________________________________

Windows Handleing Info:


' 1b) To hang in the Excel Window malking it effectively a Excel Msgbox... Normally if I did not do this ... don't do this .. that is to say leave it at 0 , specifically no window is 0 , and it "hanging in mid air so isn't even if it is imaginatively speaking
Public Declare Function FindWndNumber Lib "user32" Alias "FindWindowA" (Optional ByVal lpClassName As String, Optional ByVal lpWindowName As String) As Long
Dim HandleWndOfMyParent As Long ' I wanted to comment this 1b)(i) and ( 1b(ii) later ) out to leave it hanging in mid air in a virtual inadvirtual not thereness ... but somehow this complicated hook stuff does hang it somwhere but not in my Excel Window but I don't know what my parent's fart has to do with anything
' 1d) For some Misc experiments
Private Declare Function FindWindowExtremeNutty Lib "user32" Alias "FindWindowExA" (ByVal hWnd1 As Long, ByVal hWnd2 As Long, ByVal lpsz1 As String, ByVal lpsz2 As String) As Long
Dim WndNumber As Long, hWndDskTop As Long


Sub AkaApiApplicationPromptToRangeInputBox() ' This one works.. but HTF
' 1b(ii) This section is some how over written in / by the section part or some strange Addressing of HoldYaBackCalledYaBackClapTrap
Let WndNumber = FindWndNumber(lpClassName:=vbNullString, lpWindowName:=vbNullString)
Let HandleWndOfMyParent = FindWndNumber(lpClassName:="XLMAIN", lpWindowName:=vbNullString) ' This is a case where vbNullstring is important - that signifies that I am not giving it, which i do not have to. The second option is a bit flaky and does not often work. it certainly won't work if you make it "" as that is a specific string of zero. Null is a special idea in computing of not set yet / not defined - that is required if I do not want to give it
' 1d) Just some experiments, I forgot why as my brain has goine comfortably numb
Dim HeavyWindBreak As Long: Let HeavyWindBreak = HandleWndOfMyParent
Let hWndDskTop = FindWindowExtremeNutty(HandleWndOfMyParent, 0&, "XLDESK", vbNullString)
Debug.Print "WndNumber"; WndNumber; " HandleWndOfMyParent"; HandleWndOfMyParent; " hWndDskTop"; hWndDskTop; " hHookTrapCrapNumber"
Rem 3 Mess with me hook? God knows what this all does and it seems to make no difference if the proXYs poX or pussY are before or after SetWindowsHooksExample

[DocAElstein]

Per PM request: One full working example of above code:



Option Explicit
Rem 1 ' This I understand. it is a simple more basic version of the VBA Message Box Function http://www.eileenslounge.com/viewtopic.php?f=18&t=28885#p223629
' 1a) UnWRap it and..
Private Declare Function APIssinUserDLL_MsgBox Lib "user32" Alias "MessageBoxA" (Optional ByVal HowManyFartsCanYouHandle As Long, Optional ByVal Prompt As String, Optional ByVal Title As String, Optional ByVal buttons As Long) As Long '
' 1b) To hang in the Excel Window malking it effectively a Excel Msgbox... Normally if I did not do this ... don't do this .. that is to say leave it at 0 , specifically no window is 0 , and it "hanging in mid air so isn't even if it is imaginatively speaking
Public Declare Function FindWndNumber Lib "user32" Alias "FindWindowA" (Optional ByVal lpClassName As String, Optional ByVal lpWindowName As String) As Long
Dim HandleWndOfMyParent As Long ' I wanted to comment this 1b)(i) and ( 1b(ii) later ) out to leave it hanging in mid air in a virtual inadvirtual not thereness ... but somehow this complicated hook stuff does hang it somwhere but not in my Excel Window but I don't know what my parent's fart has to do with anything
' 1d) For some Misc experiments
Private Declare Function FindWindowExtremeNutty Lib "user32" Alias "FindWindowExA" (ByVal hWnd1 As Long, ByVal hWnd2 As Long, ByVal lpsz1 As String, ByVal lpsz2 As String) As Long
Dim WndNumber As Long, hWndDskTop As Long
Dim Booloks As Boolean
'_-_._______________________________________________-
'_-=================??? main Declarations that I don't really understand
Rem 2 Position my box --- From here on I do not really have a clue
' 2(a) This will tie something on the chain for when you pull it https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/ms644990(v=vs.85).aspx
Private Declare Function SetWindowsHooksExample Lib "user32" Alias "SetWindowsHookExA" (ByVal Hooktype As Long, ByVal lokprocedureAddress As Long, Optional ByVal hmod As Long, Optional ByVal dwThreadId As Long) As Long
' 2(b) Wipe the chain clean
Private Declare Function UnHookWindowsHookCodEx Lib "user32" Alias "UnhookWindowsHookEx" (ByVal hHookTrapCrapNumber As Long) As Long
' 2(c) Don't loose the Thread? - This seems to have no effect , - maybe it would if something else was going on at the time. You don't want to loose the Thread I guess
'Public Declare Function GetCurrentThreadId Lib "kernel32" () As Long ' Effectively long Null acttuall not ?? -
Public Declare Function GetCurrentFredId Lib "kernel32" Alias "GetCurrentThreadId" () As Long ' Effectively long Null acttuall not ?? -
' 2(d) This looks understandable almost, z(0 for top), posLeft, posTop, x pixels, y pixels,
Private Declare Function SetWindowPosition Lib "user32" Alias "SetWindowPos" (ByVal hWnd As Long, ByVal zNumber As Long, ByVal CoedX As Long, ByVal CoedY As Long, ByVal xPiXel As Long, ByVal yPiYel As Long, ByVal wFlags As Long) As Long
' 2e)
Private hHookTrapCrapNumber As Long ' Handle to the Hook procedure
' 2f)
Private poX As Long: Private pussY As Long ' Positional By proXYs
Dim GlobinalCntChopsLog As Long ' Only used in this test code to keep track of the copies of a Function(HoldYaBackCalledYaBackClapTrap) used in a recursion process
' 2g) bits to do with 1 that i am resonably happy with
Sub AkaApiApplicationPromptToRangeInputBox() ' This one works.. but HTF
' 1b(ii) This section is some how over written in / by the section part or some strange Addressing of HoldYaBackCalledYaBackClapTrap
Let WndNumber = FindWndNumber(lpClassName:=vbNullString, lpWindowName:=vbNullString)
Let HandleWndOfMyParent = FindWndNumber(lpClassName:="XLMAIN", lpWindowName:=vbNullString) ' This is a case where vbNullstring is important - that signifies that I am not giving it, which i do not have to. The second option is a bit flaky and does not often work. it certainly won't work if you make it "" as that is a specific string of zero. Null is a special idea in computing of not set yet / not defined - that is required if I do not want to give it
' 1d) Just some experiments, I forgot why as my brain has goine comfortably numb
Dim HeavyWindBreak As Long: Let HeavyWindBreak = HandleWndOfMyParent
Let hWndDskTop = FindWindowExtremeNutty(HandleWndOfMyParent, 0&, "XLDESK", vbNullString)
Debug.Print "WndNumber"; WndNumber; " HandleWndOfMyParent"; HandleWndOfMyParent; " hWndDskTop"; hWndDskTop; " hHookTrapCrapNumber"
Rem 3 Mess with me hook? God knows what this all does and it seems to make no difference if the proXYs poX or pussY are before or after SetWindowsHooksExample
Debug.Print "State of Much Such"; Tab(20); "Penialtration's Number"; Tab(45); "HookCodeXcretion's"
Debug.Print "=================="; Tab(20); "AliAs Pull of my chain"; Tab(45); "AliAs my long Hook"
Let GlobinalCntChopsLog = 0:
'_-======================== Weird thing with an AddressOf ???
Let poX = 10: pussY = 50 ' These can go before or after the next line, makes no diffference.. - I bet no Pro noticed that...
'Let hHookTrapCrapNumber = SetWindowsHooksExample(5, AddressOf HoldYaBackCalledYaBackClapTrap, 0, GetCurrentThreadId) ' (5-pull before flush, somehow arranges that the function gets called ,
Debug.Print ; Tab(75); hHookTrapCrapNumber ' 'APIssinUserDLL_MsgBox HeavyWindBreak, "Excel MsgBox", "This is Center Position", vbOKOnly ' This breaks Wnd in Excel Window
Call HookAPIssinUserDLL_MsgBoxThenDropIt
'APIssinUserDLL_MsgBox &H0, "Select Range", "MutsNuts AkaApi working ApplicationPromptToRangeInputBox", vbOKOnly ' Pseudo Non Modal
'APIssinUserDLL_MsgBox &H0, "Select Range", "MutsNuts AkaApi working ApplicationPromptToRangeInputBox", vbOKOnly ' Pseudo Non Modal
'HookAPIssinUserDLL_MsgBoxThenDropIt

Dim Rng As Range: Set Rng = Selection
' (Optional ByVal hwnd As Long, Optional ByVal Prompt As String, Optional ByVal Title As String, Optional ByVal buttons As Long) As Long '
End Sub ' AkaApiApplicationPromptToRangeInputBox
Sub HookAPIssinUserDLL_MsgBoxThenDropIt()


Sub HookAPIssinUserDLL_MsgBoxThenDropIt()
' a) HOOK Hook the pseudo Windows Sub Class Function WinSubWinCls_JerkBackOffHooKerd
Dim BookMarkClassTeachMeWind As Long: Let BookMarkClassTeachMeWind = 5
'Let hHookTrapCrapNumber = SetWindowsHooksExample(BookMarkClassTeachMeWind, AddressOf HoldYaBackCalledYaBackClapTraped, 0, GetCurrentThreadId) ' (5-pull before flush, somehow arranges that the function gets called ,
'Let hHookTrapCrapNumber = SetWindowsHooksExample(BookMarkClassTeachMeWind, AddressOf HoldYaBackCalledYaBackClapTrapRuc, 0, GetCurrentThreadId) ' (5-pull before flush, somehow arranges that the function gets called ,
Let hHookTrapCrapNumber = SetWindowsHooksExample(BookMarkClassTeachMeWind, AddressOf HoldYaBackCalledYaBackClapTrapRuc, 0, GetCurrentFredId) ' (5-pull before flush, somehow arranges that the function gets called ,
' b) Call the MessageBoxA
APIssinUserDLL_MsgBox &H0, "Select Range", "MutsNuts AkaApi working ApplicationPromptToRangeInputBox", vbOKOnly ' Pseudo Non Modal
End Sub
'_-=Rem 4===================??? Got me hook lochprocedue in my code , 5 times simple run then another + 29 new copies of it are run = 6+29=35 times in total calling it it a few times http://www.excelfox.com/forum/showthread.php/1324-Loop-Through-Files-In-A-Folder-Using-VBA#post10421 .... wanking myself up and down a few times


'_-=Rem 4===================??? Got me hook lochprocedue in my code , 5 times simple run then another + 29 new copies of it are run = 5+30=35 times in total calling it it a few times http://www.excelfox.com/forum/showthread.php/1324-Loop-Through-Files-In-A-Folder-Using-VBA#post10421 .... wanking myself up and down a few times
Private Function HoldYaBackCalledYaBackClapTrapRuc(ByVal lMsg As Long, ByVal wParam As Long, ByVal lParam As Long) As Long ' ByVal CopyNumberFroNxtLvl As Long) As Long
Let GlobinalCntChopsLog = GlobinalCntChopsLog + 1: Debug.Print " Going a HoldYaBackCalledYaBackClapTrapRuc"; GlobinalCntChopsLog; "(1Msg"; lMsg; ", wParam"; wParam; ", lParam"; lParam; ") Function Copy Number_"; GlobinalCntChopsLog
'If GlobinalCntChopsLog = 2 Then Let GlobinalCntChopsLog = GlobinalCntChopsLog - 1: UnHookWindowsHookCodEx hHookTrapCrapNumber: Exit Function
If lMsg = 5 Then '_-.... ( Hook type: HCBT_ACTIVATE = 5 but not here?) ... this runs a further 29 copies of HoldYaBackCalledYaBackClapTrap all coming here, so 30 times in total
Debug.Print "Expose Interface"; Tab(30); GlobinalCntChopsLog
Call SetWindowPosition(wParam, 0, poX, pussY, 400, 150, 40) ' SWP_NOZORDER is 4 .. but not here?? 'SWP_NOSIZE + SWP_NOZORDER ' Pull the Chainge position ...
UnHookWindowsHookCodEx hHookTrapCrapNumber ' Release the Hook 30 times this is done
Else
Debug.Print "No InterOfCourse"; Tab(30); GlobinalCntChopsLog; Tab(50); hHookTrapCrapNumber
End If ' 5 times here then '_-....
Debug.Print "Wipe chain WRap"; Tab(30); GlobinalCntChopsLog; Tab(50); hHookTrapCrapNumber
Let HoldYaBackCalledYaBackClapTrapRuc = 0 ' Done 5+30=35 times in total '0 (or False) makes it work, all other numbers and I get no Message box
Let GlobinalCntChopsLog = GlobinalCntChopsLog - 1
End Function ' HoldYaBackCalledYaBackClapTrapRuc

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https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCnxwq2aGJRbjOo_MO54oaHA (https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCnxwq2aGJRbjOo_MO54oaHA)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pkhazgI3LAo&lc=UgxesLhWNr_zNP0GUdh4AaABAg.9hI1CQJMLLo9hWn2pGBe SS (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pkhazgI3LAo&lc=UgxesLhWNr_zNP0GUdh4AaABAg.9hI1CQJMLLo9hWn2pGBe SS)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pkhazgI3LAo&lc=UgzkRujoMw9PblmXDQ14AaABAg.9hJRnEjxQrd9hJoCjomN I2 (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pkhazgI3LAo&lc=UgzkRujoMw9PblmXDQ14AaABAg.9hJRnEjxQrd9hJoCjomN I2)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pkhazgI3LAo&lc=UgzPZbG7OvUkh35nXDd4AaABAg.9hJOZEEZa6p9hJqLC7El-w (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pkhazgI3LAo&lc=UgzPZbG7OvUkh35nXDd4AaABAg.9hJOZEEZa6p9hJqLC7El-w)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pkhazgI3LAo&lc=UgwUcEpm8u6ZW3uOHXx4AaABAg.9hIlxxGY7t49hJsB2PWx C4 (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pkhazgI3LAo&lc=UgwUcEpm8u6ZW3uOHXx4AaABAg.9hIlxxGY7t49hJsB2PWx C4)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pkhazgI3LAo&lc=UgyvDj6NWT1Gxyy2JyR4AaABAg.9hIKlNPeqDn9hJskm92n p6 (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pkhazgI3LAo&lc=UgyvDj6NWT1Gxyy2JyR4AaABAg.9hIKlNPeqDn9hJskm92n p6)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pkhazgI3LAo&lc=Ugwy7qx_kG9iUmMVO_F4AaABAg.9hI2IGUdmTW9hJuyaQaw qx (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pkhazgI3LAo&lc=Ugwy7qx_kG9iUmMVO_F4AaABAg.9hI2IGUdmTW9hJuyaQaw qx)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pkhazgI3LAo&lc=UgxesLhWNr_zNP0GUdh4AaABAg.9hI1CQJMLLo9hJwTB9Jl ob (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pkhazgI3LAo&lc=UgxesLhWNr_zNP0GUdh4AaABAg.9hI1CQJMLLo9hJwTB9Jl ob)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pkhazgI3LAo&lc=UgyyQWYVP1OnCqavb-x4AaABAg (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pkhazgI3LAo&lc=UgyyQWYVP1OnCqavb-x4AaABAg)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pkhazgI3LAo&lc=UgwJKKmExZ1FdZVDJf54AaABAg (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pkhazgI3LAo&lc=UgwJKKmExZ1FdZVDJf54AaABAg)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pkhazgI3LAo&lc=Ugz_p0kVGrLntPtYzCt4AaABAg (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pkhazgI3LAo&lc=Ugz_p0kVGrLntPtYzCt4AaABAg)
https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCnxwq2aGJRbjOo_MO54oaHA (https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCnxwq2aGJRbjOo_MO54oaHA)

[DocAElstein]

sölcjslkjcslkjc



https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCnxwq2aGJRbjOo_MO54oaHA (https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCnxwq2aGJRbjOo_MO54oaHA)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pkhazgI3LAo&lc=UgxesLhWNr_zNP0GUdh4AaABAg.9hI1CQJMLLo9hWn2pGBe SS (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pkhazgI3LAo&lc=UgxesLhWNr_zNP0GUdh4AaABAg.9hI1CQJMLLo9hWn2pGBe SS)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pkhazgI3LAo&lc=UgzkRujoMw9PblmXDQ14AaABAg.9hJRnEjxQrd9hJoCjomN I2 (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pkhazgI3LAo&lc=UgzkRujoMw9PblmXDQ14AaABAg.9hJRnEjxQrd9hJoCjomN I2)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pkhazgI3LAo&lc=UgzPZbG7OvUkh35nXDd4AaABAg.9hJOZEEZa6p9hJqLC7El-w (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pkhazgI3LAo&lc=UgzPZbG7OvUkh35nXDd4AaABAg.9hJOZEEZa6p9hJqLC7El-w)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pkhazgI3LAo&lc=UgwUcEpm8u6ZW3uOHXx4AaABAg.9hIlxxGY7t49hJsB2PWx C4 (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pkhazgI3LAo&lc=UgwUcEpm8u6ZW3uOHXx4AaABAg.9hIlxxGY7t49hJsB2PWx C4)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pkhazgI3LAo&lc=UgyvDj6NWT1Gxyy2JyR4AaABAg.9hIKlNPeqDn9hJskm92n p6 (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pkhazgI3LAo&lc=UgyvDj6NWT1Gxyy2JyR4AaABAg.9hIKlNPeqDn9hJskm92n p6)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pkhazgI3LAo&lc=Ugwy7qx_kG9iUmMVO_F4AaABAg.9hI2IGUdmTW9hJuyaQaw qx (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pkhazgI3LAo&lc=Ugwy7qx_kG9iUmMVO_F4AaABAg.9hI2IGUdmTW9hJuyaQaw qx)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pkhazgI3LAo&lc=UgxesLhWNr_zNP0GUdh4AaABAg.9hI1CQJMLLo9hJwTB9Jl ob (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pkhazgI3LAo&lc=UgxesLhWNr_zNP0GUdh4AaABAg.9hI1CQJMLLo9hJwTB9Jl ob)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pkhazgI3LAo&lc=UgyyQWYVP1OnCqavb-x4AaABAg (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pkhazgI3LAo&lc=UgyyQWYVP1OnCqavb-x4AaABAg)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pkhazgI3LAo&lc=UgwJKKmExZ1FdZVDJf54AaABAg (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pkhazgI3LAo&lc=UgwJKKmExZ1FdZVDJf54AaABAg)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pkhazgI3LAo&lc=Ugz_p0kVGrLntPtYzCt4AaABAg (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pkhazgI3LAo&lc=Ugz_p0kVGrLntPtYzCt4AaABAg)
https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCnxwq2aGJRbjOo_MO54oaHA (https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCnxwq2aGJRbjOo_MO54oaHA)

[DocAElstein]

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[DocAElstein]

This is post #7
https://www.excelfox.com/forum/showthread.php/2986-Version-Info-using-VBA-and-registry-quirks?p=24876&viewfull=1#post24876
https://www.excelfox.com/forum/showthread.php/2824-Tests-Copying-pasting-Cliipboard-issues?p=24876&viewfull=1#pst24876




This is post #552
https://www.excelfox.com/forum/showthread.php/2824-Tests-Copying-pasting-Cliipboard-issues/page56#post24323
https://www.excelfox.com/forum/showthread.php/2824-Tests-Copying-pasting-Cliipboard-issues/page56#post24323
https://www.excelfox.com/forum/showthread.php/2824-Tests-Copying-pasting-Cliipboard-issues?p=24317&viewfull=1#post24323
https://www.excelfox.com/forum/showthread.php/2824-Tests-Copying-pasting-Cliipboard-issues?p=24317&viewfull=1#post24323




Edit: I gave up with this post after getting so many quirky results in Windows 10 and windows 11, so I started this Thread (https://www.excelfox.com/forum/showthread.php/2986-Version-Info-using-VBA-and-registry-quirks)



Some functions and rough notes on Versions on some computers used in the testings from this page 56 (https://bit.ly/40fepOB) and page 55 (https://www.excelfox.com/forum/showthread.php/2824-Tests-Copying-pasting-Cliipboard-issues/Page55#post24120) and a few other related forum postings

Its useful to keep track of some of your computer specs, and Office versions when playing around with the codings on this page.
The macro below, Sub WhatAmI() ( along with the functions under it which go with it) may help to get some of that info. Run it and some info should appear in the Immediate Window. (From the VB Editor, hold the Ctrl key down and then hit key g to get that Immediate Window up)
Note there are a few bugs and quirks :
_ Application.OperatingSystem can give quirky answers in windows 11 (https://eileenslounge.com/viewtopic.php?p=313844#p313844) , so the operating system result may be wrong for if you have Windows 11. In fact currently it seems a bit wonky everywhere
_I don’t know if that macro gets it correct in Office versions 2016, 2019,2021, 2024 or 365, since I don’t have them versions to check. My guess is that it might be a bit iffy for 2016 2019,2024 or 365


Sub WhatAmI() ' https://www.excelfox.com/forum/showthread.php/2824-Tests-Copying-pasting-Cliipboard-issues?p=24323&viewfull=1#post24323 https://www.excelfox.com/forum/showthread.php/2824-Tests-Copying-pasting-Cliipboard-issues/page56#post24323
Debug.Print ExcelVersion & " " & Application.OperatingSystem & " (ApplicationVersion " & CLng(Val(Application.Version)) & ") Computer named " & CreateObject("WScript.Network").ComputerName ' Environ$("computername") Nigel Heffernan https://stackoverflow.com/questions/3551055/how-to-get-name-of-the-computer-in-vba/10108951#10108951
' Windows 11 (2021) ...
' Windows 10 S (2017) ...
' Windows 10 (2015) - MS Version 6.4. ...
' Windows 8/8.1 (2012-2013) - MS Version 6.2/6.3. ...
' Windows 7 (2009) - MS Version 6.1. ...
' Windows Vista (2006) - MS Version 6.0. ...
' Windows XP (2001) - MS Version 5.1. ...
' Windows 2000 (2000) - MS Version 5.0.
End Sub

Private Function ExcelVersion() As String ' From Rory somewhere, then a blind mod for above 2016 from https://excelguru.ca/check-the-application-version-in-modern-office/ , which probably does not work too well - https://excelguru.ca/check-the-application-version-in-modern-office/#comment-358558
Dim Temp As String
'On Error Resume Next
#If Mac Then
Select Case CLng(Val(Application.Version))
Case 11: Temp = "Excel 2004"
Case 12: Temp = "Excel 2008" ' this should NEVER happen!
Case 14: Temp = "Excel 2011"
Case 15: Temp = "Excel 2016 (Mac)"
Case Else: Temp = "Unknown"
End Select
#Else
Select Case CLng(Val(Application.Version))
Case 9: Temp = "Excel 2000"
Case 10: Temp = "Excel 2002"
Case 11: Temp = "Excel 2003"
Case 12: Temp = "Excel 2007"
Case 14: Temp = "Excel 2010"
Case 15: Temp = "Excel 2013"
Case 16: ' https://excelguru.ca/check-the-application-version-in-modern-office/
Let Temp = ForVersion16() '
Case Else: Temp = "Unknown"
End Select
#End If
#If Win64 Then
Let Temp = Temp & " 64 bit"
#Else
Let Temp = Temp & " 32 bit"
#End If

Let ExcelVersion = Temp
End Function
Function ForVersion16() As String ' https://excelguru.ca/check-the-application-version-in-modern-office/ This may be crap - https://excelguru.ca/check-the-application-version-in-modern-office/#comment-358558
'Test the Office application version, 'Written by Ken Puls (www.excelguru.ca) ' ...."From Office 2016 onwards, Microsoft has not revved the Application.Version number - they all show as 16.0 - giving you no way to differentiate between versions."....
Dim registryObject As Object
Dim rootDirectory As String, keyPath As String
Dim arrEntryNames As Variant, arrValueTypes As Variant
Dim x As Long
'Check for existence of Licensing key
Let keyPath = "Software\Microsoft\Office\" & CStr(Application.Version) & "\Common\Licensing\LicensingNext"
Let rootDirectory = "."
Set registryObject = GetObject("winmgmts:{impersonationLevel=impersonate}!\\" & rootDirectory & "\root\default:StdRegProv")
registryObject.EnumValues &H80000001, keyPath, arrEntryNames, arrValueTypes
On Error GoTo ErrorExit
For x = 0 To UBound(arrEntryNames)
If InStr(arrEntryNames(x), "365") > 0 Then
Let ForVersion16 = 365
Exit Function
End If
If InStr(arrEntryNames(x), "2019") > 0 Then
Let ForVersion16 = 2019
Exit Function
End If
If InStr(arrEntryNames(x), "2021") > 0 Then
Let ForVersion16 = 2021
Exit Function
If InStr(arrEntryNames(x), "2024") > 0 Then
Let ForVersion16 = 2024
Exit Function
End If
Next x
Exit Function
ErrorExit:
'Version 16, but no licensing key. Must be Office 2016
Let ForVersion16 = 2016
End Function








'Some typical results of my computers for future reference for me because I keep forgetting which versions I have where

' ExcelVersion Application.OperatingSystem (CLng(Val(Application.Version) CreateObject("WScript.Network").ComputerName ' Environ$("computername") Nigel Heffernan https://stackoverflow.com/questions/3551055/how-to-get-name-of-the-computer-in-vba/10108951#10108951
'(based on App.version)
' Excel 2007 32 bit Windows (32-bit) NT 6.00 (ApplicationVersion 12) Alan's Computer named ELSTON-LAPTOP KB Vista Office 2007
' Excel 2010 32 bit Windows (32-bit) NT 6.00 (ApplicationVersion 14) Computer named ELSTON-PC Alan's Computer GB Vista Office 10


' Excel 2003 32 bit Windows (32-bit) NT 6.01 (ApplicationVersion 11) Computer named ALAN-PC Martin Windows 7 Pro Office 2003
' Excel 2010 32 bit Windows (32-bit) NT 6.01 (ApplicationVersion 14) Computer named ALAN-PC Martin Windows 7 pro Office 2010


' Excel 2010 32 bit Windows (32-bit) NT 6.02 (ApplicationVersion 14) Computer named TM5730G Alan's Computer Verranda Windows 10 Office 10
' Excel 2013 32 bit Windows (32-bit) NT :.00 (ApplicationVersion 15) Computer named DESKTOP-G7BIH1B Alan's Computer SerSzuD2 Windows 10 Office 13
' Excel 2016 (Windows) 32 bit Windows (32-bit) NT 10.00 (ApplicationVersion 16) Alan's Computer named DESKTOP-14C4HCR Torrox Windows 10 Office 2016



' Excel 2010 32 bit Windows (32-bit) NT 6.02 (ApplicationVersion 14) Computer named ASPIRE7730G Elfy Windows 11 Office 10
'

[DocAElstein]

This is page 2
https://www.excelfox.com/forum/showthread.php/2989-Rough-Notes-and-posts-to-be-referenced-from-elsewhere-on-VBA-Windows-API/page2
https://www.excelfox.com/forum/showthread.php/2989-Rough-Notes-and-posts-to-be-referenced-from-elsewhere-on-VBA-Windows-API/page2
This is post #11 forum post24916
https://www.excelfox.com/forum/showthread.php/2989-Rough-Notes-and-posts-to-be-referenced-from-elsewhere-on-VBA-Windows-API/page2
https://www.excelfox.com/forum/showthread.php/2989-Rough-Notes-and-posts-to-be-referenced-from-elsewhere-on-VBA-Windows-API/page2
This is post #11 forum post24916
https://www.excelfox.com/forum/showthread.php/2989-Rough-Notes-and-posts-to-be-referenced-from-elsewhere-on-VBA-Windows-API?p=24916&viewfull=1#post24916
https://www.excelfox.com/forum/showthread.php/2989-Rough-Notes-and-posts-to-be-referenced-from-elsewhere-on-VBA-Windows-API/page2
https://www.excelfox.com/forum/showthread.php/2989-Rough-Notes-and-posts-to-be-referenced-from-elsewhere-on-VBA-Windows-API?p=24916&viewfull=1#post24916




Some notes, codings etc. in support of some other posts
https://eileenslounge.com/viewtopic.php?p=321979#p321979
https://www.excelfox.com/forum/showthread.php/2989-Rough-Notes-and-posts-to-be-referenced-from-elsewhere-on-VBA-Windows-API?p=24904&viewfull=1#post24904


Getting some windows identification info.
Main coding courtesy of Dev Ashish, http://access.mvps.org/access/api/api0013.htm
( and https://eileenslounge.com/viewtopic.php?p=321978#p321978 )
I did some minor adjustments, mostly in output to suit my own experiments


' Original main Code Courtesy of Dev Ashish http://access.mvps.org/access/api/api0013.htm and https://eileenslounge.com/viewtopic.php?p=321978#p321978
'
Private Declare Function apiGetClassName Lib "user32" Alias "GetClassNameA" (ByVal Hwnd As Long, ByVal lpClassName As String, ByVal nMaxCount As Long) As Long
Private Declare Function apiGetDesktopWindow Lib "user32" Alias "GetDesktopWindow" () As Long
Private Declare Function apiGetWindow Lib "user32" Alias "GetWindow" (ByVal Hwnd As Long, ByVal wCmd As Long) As Long
Private Declare Function apiGetWindowLong Lib "user32" Alias "GetWindowLongA" (ByVal Hwnd As Long, ByVal nIndex As Long) As Long
Private Declare Function apiGetWindowText Lib "user32" Alias "GetWindowTextA" (ByVal Hwnd As Long, ByVal lpString As String, ByVal aint As Long) As Long
Private Declare Function FindWndNumber Lib "user32" Alias "FindWindowA" (Optional ByVal lpClassName As String, Optional ByVal lpWindowName As String) As Long
Private Const mcGWCHILD = 5
Private Const mcGWHWNDNEXT = 2
Private Const mcGWLSTYLE = (-16)
Private Const mcWSVISIBLE = &H10000000 ' Watch window gives 268435456 (even when no code is running)
Private Const mconMAXLEN = 255

Public Sub fEnumWindows()
' For worksheet output, not important for understanding the main coding
Dim Ws As Worksheet: Set Ws = ThisWorkbook.Worksheets.Item(1)
Dim Lc As Long, Lr As Long: Let Lc = Ws.Cells.Item(2, Ws.Columns.Count).End(xlToLeft).Column
Let Ws.Cells.Item(1, Lc + 1) = CreateObject("WScript.Network").ComputerName & " " & Format(Now(), "ddd,dd,mmm,yyyy") ' Environ$("computername") Nigel Heffernan https://stackoverflow.com/questions/3551055/how-to-get-name-of-the-computer-in-vba/10108951#10108951
Let Ws.Cells.Item(2, Lc + 1) = "Hwnd": Let Ws.Cells.Item(2, Lc + 2) = "Class Name": Let Ws.Cells.Item(2, Lc + 3) = "Caption": Let Ws.Cells.Item(2, Lc + 4) = "Hwnd( Caption)": Let Ws.Cells.Item(2, Lc + 5) = "enum visible?"


Dim lngx As Long, lngLen As Long, lngStyle As Long, strCaption As String
Let lngx = apiGetDesktopWindow(): Debug.Print "Geted Desktop Window " & lngx & " " & " CLass name " & fGetClassName(lngx)
Let lngx = apiGetWindow(lngx, mcGWCHILD): Debug.Print " First child to Desktop " & lngx & " CLass name " & fGetClassName(lngx) ' GW_CHILD = 5 The topmost of the given window's child windows. This has the same effect as using the GetTopWindow function, ... usually at the top of all the other children in the Z-order
Do While Not lngx = 0 ' We are looping "equal level children", seperated not realy, just look seperate to us because of the seen to us z order
Let strCaption = fGetCaption(lngx)
' If Len(strCaption) > 0 Then ' Those without a caption seem not important
Let lngStyle = apiGetWindowLong(lngx, mcGWLSTYLE) ' apiGetWindowLong gets info, GWL_STYLE -16 retrieves the window styles
' For enum visible windows only
' If lngStyle And mcWSVISIBLE Then '
Let Lr = Ws.Cells.Item(Ws.Rows.Count, Lc + 1).End(xlUp).Row ' Handle Class name Caption
If lngStyle And mcWSVISIBLE Then
Let Ws.Cells.Item(Lr + 1, Lc + 5) = "enum visible " & lngStyle & " And " & mcWSVISIBLE
Else
'Let Ws.Cells.Item(Lr + 1, Lc + 5) = lngStyle & " And " & mcWSVISIBLE
End If
Let Ws.Cells.Item(Lr + 1, Lc + 6) = lngStyle: Ws.Cells.Item(Lr + 1, Lc + 7) = mcWSVISIBLE
Debug.Print FindWndNumber(lpClassName:=fGetClassName(lngx), lpWindowName:=vbNullString), fGetClassName(lngx); Tab(50); fGetCaption(lngx); Tab(100); FindWndNumber(lpClassName:=vbNullString, lpWindowName:=fGetCaption(lngx))
Let Ws.Cells.Item(Lr + 1, Lc + 1) = lngStyle & " " & FindWndNumber(lpClassName:=fGetClassName(lngx)): Let Ws.Cells.Item(Lr + 1, Lc + 2) = fGetClassName(lngx): Let Ws.Cells.Item(Lr + 1, Lc + 3) = fGetCaption(lngx): Let Ws.Cells.Item(Lr + 1, Lc + 4) = FindWndNumber(lpClassName:=vbNullString, lpWindowName:=fGetCaption(lngx))
' End If
' End If
Let lngx = apiGetWindow(lngx, mcGWHWNDNEXT) ' GW_HWNDNEXT = 2 The window below the given window in the Z-order.
Loop ' While Not lngx = 0 ' I am going through all the child windows of the desktop windows
End Sub
Private Function fGetCaption(Hwnd As Long) As String
Dim strBuffer As String, intCount As Integer
Let strBuffer = String$(Number:=255 - 1, Character:="0") ' "00000000000000000000000000000000..........000"
Let intCount = apiGetWindowText(Hwnd:=Hwnd, lpString:=strBuffer, aint:=255) ' This makes strBuffer something like *MSCTFIME UI 0000000000000000............000"
If intCount > 0 Then Let fGetCaption = Left$(strBuffer, intCount)
End Function
Private Function fGetClassName(Hwnd As Long) As String
Dim strBuffer As String, intCount As Integer
Let strBuffer = String$(255 - 1, 0)
Let intCount = apiGetClassName(Hwnd, strBuffer, mconMAXLEN)
If intCount > 0 Then
Let fGetClassName = Left$(strBuffer, intCount)
End If
End Function




I got up to date more recently on my API references, https://eileenslounge.com/viewtopic.php?p=322050#p322050 , so I was able to understand a lot of that coding above.
But the logic of If lngStyle And mcWSVISIBLE Then confused me a bit, even though I understand what it is doing.
Investigating what typically finds its way into the coding at that line revealed that it is fed some big numbers on either side of the And , ( a fixed number on the right, varied numbers on the left).
I could not see how it becomes True in some numbers and not on others. It is obviously not a simple thing since at first glance there is no obvious pattern to what numbers give true: We typically seem to have some spread of big numbers, positive and negative. Example numbers in the next screen shot in column B and C. The results in column D are typical of what I got in a few ways with VBA codings, and they seem to be doing something similar to that code line with the same numbers as the code line typically gets, and they get the same results.
So its something to do with how in VBA , this sort of thing works

If ___ And ___ Then

Sub TestStrangeIfAndLogic()
Range("D2:D20").ClearContents
Dim Rw As Long
For Rw = 2 To 20
If Range("B" & Rw).Value And Range("C" & Rw).Value Then Let Range("D" & Rw) = "True?"
Next Rw
End Sub
Sub TestStrangeIfAndLogicArr()
Range("D2:D20").ClearContents
Dim Rw As Long, arrRws() As Variant: Let arrRws() = Range("A1:C20").Value
For Rw = 2 To 20
If arrRws(Rw, 2) And arrRws(Rw, 3) Then Let Range("D" & Rw) = "True?"
Next Rw
End Sub

https://i.postimg.cc/NMg25kxm/Strange-If-And-Then-logic-with-two-numbers.jpg 6122
https://i.postimg.cc/NMg25kxm/Strange-If-And-Then-logic-with-two-numbers.jpg (https://postimages.org/)


I went off to get some help, https://eileenslounge.com/viewtopic.php?f=30&t=41610

I got some good help, and the next few posts discus the issues, and get the final solutions and final understanding, which in initially looked like it would be fairly simple, after the help I got, but turned out to be a bit more complicated, mainly as I had never heard of …." 2’s Compliment Computer Codswollop" ( https://www.aimathcoach.com/en/mathgenerator/mathop/binary_2s_complement1/solution_guide/
https://www.excelfox.com/forum/showthread.php/2989-Rough-Notes-and-posts-to-be-referenced-from-elsewhere-on-VBA-Windows-API?p=24921&viewfull=1#post24921 )

I start looking at this issue in more detail in the next few post

[DocAElstein]

If lngStyle And mcWSVISIBLE Then


If lngStyle And mcWSVISIBLE Then
Some notes, codings etc. in support of some other posts
https://eileenslounge.com/viewtopic.php?p=321979#p321979 https://eileenslounge.com/viewtopic.php?f=30&t=41610
https://www.excelfox.com/forum/showthread.php/2989-Rough-Notes-and-posts-to-be-referenced-from-elsewhere-on-VBA-Windows-API?p=24904&viewfull=1#post249016

Introduction
A code line from the last post
, If lngStyle And mcWSVISIBLE Then

What’s going on? – Hans told me (https://eileenslounge.com/viewtopic.php?p=322157#p322157) …. The number is looked at by VBA in its binary representation form, and each corresponding Bit at the same horizontal position for the two numbers is compared. This is referred to as bitwise AND of the binary representation of the numbers. (https://eileenslounge.com/viewtopic.php?p=322157#p322157)
In simple terms, If at any position both are 1 , then the result will be true…..


It all started here:
I had some strange results that I did not understand. It boiled down to some code lines such as this returning True
If -1811939328 And 268435456 Then
, whilst similar such as this returning False
If -2046820352 And 268435456 Then
At first glance there is no thing obvious to see to explain the difference in behaviour in the two examples

So, because ExcelFox is the adult thinking man’s forum, we are going to have a good look at it.



Knowing the answer, or appearing to be close to knowing it, suggests we want initially to get those two decimals into some String like " 0 1 " representation of a number( Binary computer stuff " 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 " )
A couple of points to consider
_(i) A string type representation of a lot of 0s and 1s is a good idea so that we don’t have problems with things like leading 0s vanishing when Excel or VBA messes with the format of a number we may write: In binary computer things the number will have typically some fixed character length, so we should not mess with that, or let Excel or VBA mess with it
_(ii) The first Bit/first position is always reserved for the sign character, (which is 1 for a negative number, and that sort of leads to the phenomena that Anding two negative numbers always results in a True. But it is not quite so straight forward always.
It's an artefact, perhaps, of both how computers store negative numbers and the bit wise way that the VBA And works.

The following function to convert a decimal to binary is useful to know about and understand, but bare in mind that solving the main issue ended up being a bit more involved.

A simple function to get the string like binary 0s and 1s representation of a number.
The basic idea: (To keep it simple initially in this first summary, we will not concern ourselves directly with the actual unbar of digits in the binary string of 1s and 0s )
It’s basically all based on the school maths way of converting a decimal to binary…. Take the decimal number and divide it by a number got from a high power of 2;
__ If that division comes out >= 1 , then you have your first binary digit, starting from the left of 1; then you subtract that number which was the high power of 2 from the decimal number , so the decimal number under consideration is now smaller
__ Else when that division comes out < 1 , then you have your first binary digit of 0 starting from the left. You leave the decimal number at the size it is.
Now you do the same again using the next power of 2 down as the denominator to get the next binary digit to the right. Eventually you are down to (2 ^0) to get the last binary digit at the right

The actual implementation in the coding.
We decide on some length limit for the string. For now, based on an initial quick empirical look and guess, I will go for up to 30 powers of 2, ( (2 ^ N) = (2 ^ 30) ). I might change that later based on experience. A big one initially will hopefully catch numbers as big as we have. This means the string length will be 32 characters, as in the string like binary 0s and 1s representation we have (2 ^ 0) at the right, (2 ^ 30) at the left, and also an extra sign bit included to be the **first left character. ( ** As it turns out it is not quite as simple as that )

A simple function can be one that builds the string….
, first with a 0 or 1 is added to the string depending on if the decimal number being converted is negative or positive
, then we successively divide the number by (2 ^ N) where N goes from 30 to 0.
__ If the result of the division results in 1 or 1 and a fraction more, we add** ( ** add as in including another character, via a & "1" not maths add + ) a "1" to the string, and reduce the decimal number by that used (2 ^ N) , before moving to the next N.
__ Else the division results in less than 1, then we add a 0, (and do not reduce the decimal value)
, then move on to the next N

Sub TestNumberInBinary()
Debug.Print NumberInBinary(9) ' 00000000000000000000000000001001
Debug.Print NumberInBinary(268435456) ' 00010000000000000000000000000000
End Sub
Public Function NumberInBinary(ByVal DecNumber As Long) As String
Rem 1 A negative number in a computer binary representation has a 1 at the first character position
Let NumberInBinary = IIf(DecNumber < 0, "1", "0")
Rem 2 we successively divide the number by (2 ^ N) where N goes from 30 to 0. If the result of the division results in 1 or 1 and a fraction more, we add** ( ** add as in including another character, not maths add ) a 1 to the string, and reduce the decimal number by that (2 ^ N) before moving to the next N. If the division resilts in less than 1, we add a 0, then move on to the next N Divide the decimal number by 2 to the power of N, with N geting smaller. Every tine the resulting number is equal or bigger than 1 the binary bit would be 1 and the decimal number we reduce by that 2 to the N, and keep going
Dim N As Long
For N = 30 To 0 Step -1 ' 30 seems to be the limit before something is too big
If DecNumber / (2 ^ N) >= 1 Then
Let NumberInBinary = NumberInBinary & "1"
Let DecNumber = DecNumber - (2 ^ N)
Else
Let NumberInBinary = NumberInBinary & "0"
End If
Next N
End Function


A function to mimic the behaviour of the VBA And with numbers is very easy.
Simply
_ convert the two decimal numbers to a string in the form of the computer binary 0s and 1s representation, (using for example the function I did above)
_ then starting from the left compare the characters in the corresponding position in the two strings. As soon as you get a 1 in both , you make the functions returned output as True and exit the function, otherwise the function returns false if you never get a pair of 1s at the same horizontal position


Public Function NumbersInVBAIf_And_Then(ByVal Dec1 As Long, Dec2 As Long) As Boolean
Rem 1 the two decimal numbers to a string in the form of the computer binary 0s and 1s representation
Dim Bin1 As String, Bin2 As String ' String representation helps prevent loosing leading 0's
Let Bin1 = NumberInBinary(Dec1): Bin2 = NumberInBinary(Dec2)
Rem 2 starting from the left compare the characters in the corresponding position in the two strings. As soon as you get a 1 in both , you make the functions returned output as True and exit the function, otherwise the function returns false if you never get a pair of 1s
Dim TPwr As Long
For TPwr = 1 To 32 Step 1
If Mid(Bin1, TPwr, 1) = 1 And Mid(Bin2, TPwr, 1) = 1 Then Let NumbersInVBAIf_And_Then = True: Exit Function
Next TPwr
End Function

Conclusions, … Oh dear :(
I thought it was too good to be true. It did tons of tests, my coding is sound, and definitely does what I think it should with all data extremes
It doesn’t’ get the right bloody results though: ….Compare… as before, column D ( which effectively does what the main full codng does ) which gets the correct results.
Based on everything so far, this is the test coding to get results in column E

Sub TryMyFuncsNumberInBinaryNumbersInVBAIf_And_Then()
Range("E2:E20").Clear
Dim Rw As Long, arrRws() As Variant: Let arrRws() = Range("A1:C20").Value
For Rw = 2 To 20
Let Range("E" & Rw) = NumbersInVBAIf_And_Then(arrRws(Rw, 2), arrRws(Rw, 3))
Next Rw

End Sub
The results, however, speak for themselves..
https://i.postimg.cc/2jxYmcbH/Bollox.jpg
6120 https://i.postimg.cc/2jxYmcbH/Bollox.jpg (https://postimages.org/)




Bollox


.... continued in next post

[DocAElstein]

…. Continued from last post….
( …. as the saying goes, Two's complement, (three’s probably some other crazy idiotic computer mathematicians abortion) )

Bollox, what went wrong
It did not take long to find the problem. .. VBA ( and most computer stuff) apparently does not always use the simple binary logic

Just to review what I was dong, the simple binary logic: So I was following the simple logic like..
A number 7 is somehow in computer binary a variation of

8 4 2 1
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1
, and correspondingly -7 I was thinking , (and in a few places I was even seeing stated….)

8 4 2 1
1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1
It aint quite like that, :( , ( at last in most modern day computer things)
It seems mostly we have something called Two's complement (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Two%27s_complement)
Crazy, but some computer dick thought it up:. This is the basic jist of it; ….. For the negative number, you do a few weird things…..
_ you first turn the positive number upside down / flip / invert or call it what you want to get this ( 0s become 1’s and visa versa )

8 4 2 1
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0

_ Now you do a math add of 1,
( but important is that you do it in base 2 -
1+0 = 1
1+1 =0 and carry over a 1 to add to the next to the left
etc. )

8 4 2 1
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1

That’s it, Crazy, but that's how it goes: in most computer systems, -7 would have the form something of the form
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1
Just to get that clear, especially the add in base 2 bit, the same again for binary 6, and binary (2’s compliment) -6.
First the positive number, 6

8 4 2 1
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0

Now, for -6 …..
First a flip of the "normal" binary for 6

8 4 2 1
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1

, next, the final step, is to add the 1, in binary maths, which is base 2. So as it is base 2, you wont get a 2 furthest right. You get a 0 and then have to carry the 1 over to the next left****, so you get finally for -6

8 4 2 1
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0

( **** A nice Laymen way of thinking about adding a 1 in binary, is to start from the right and try to find an " empty" place ( i.e., a 0 ), to dump the 1 in . )


If the positive number was 4, then to get -4, after the flip, you would have had to carry over the added 1 twice and so finally for -4 you would have

8 4 2 1
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0

Compare that with positive 4 and you can see its easy to get confused

8 4 2 1
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0



So, what went wrong?
So we know now what the 2’s codswallop is all about, … how does that explain the failings of the last post

The second function is sound. – Just to review that: The basic idea, as Hans said (https://eileenslounge.com/viewtopic.php?p=322157#p322157), is that in a VBA If … And … Then with two numbers either side of the And , the first thing to do is convert the two numbers to binary, and then, do a bitwise And
, - just for convenience show them in the same vertical plane…..
Example:
6 And 5

8 4 2 1
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 ---- 6
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 ---- 5

The "result" of that, according to the bitwise comparison, is

8 4 2 1
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0

Any amount of 1s and you get a True, so 5 And 6 is True. ( The actual result of 5 And 6 is what that last binary number is in decimal which is 4, but anything other than 0 is True (https://eileenslounge.com/viewtopic.php?p=322175#p322175))

Do the same for 4And 2 and the result is got from this

8 4 2 1
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 ---- 2
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 ---- 4

, which finally is

8 4 2 1
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

That is 0 in binary or decimal
https://i.postimg.cc/hvzXKctd/5-And-6-4-And-2.jpg 6121
https://i.postimg.cc/hvzXKctd/5-And-6-4-And-2.jpg (https://postimages.org/)




So far so good.
can take the second small function, Function NumbersInVBAIf_And_Then(ByVal Dec1 As Long, Dec2 As Long) As Boolean , as OK


Perhaps better said, the final function, Function NumbersInVBAIf_And_Then(ByVal Dec1 As Long, ByVal Dec2 As Long) As Boolean , is also OK. With the right numbers
There is not much there for it to do wrong: It does a simple job of detecting any position where both decimal numbers have a 1. Simple and correct.

So what is the damm problem?? I think we know. The original simple Decimal to Binary function got the correct binary number for positive numbers, but usually wrong numbers for the negative as it was not based on the Two's complement codswollop for negative numbers
So we just need a new function to convert decimals correctly, in the case of negative numbers, in the Two's complement styleo




Two’s Compliment Function
There is nothing clever or difficult required. We just need to apply the logic carefully.

I done a coding quite quick, it won’t be the best, but it will do. 2 main sections, Rem 1, for positive given decimal numbers, Rem 2 for any negative given decimal numbers

Rem 1 - in the coding
Positive decimal numbers can be handled as in the main part of the previous simple decimal to binary coding, Function NumberInBinary(ByVal DecNumber As Long) As String

Public Function NumberInBinary2sCompliment(ByVal DecNumber As Long) As String
If Not DecNumber < 0 Then
Rem 1 Positive decimal number
Let NumberInBinary2sCompliment = NumberInBinary2sCompliment & "0" ' The first digit ( or last 32th if you prefer ) is included, 0 is for a positive number
' Here we go again with the classic school maths way of converting a decimal number to binary
Dim N As Long ' N is effectively the power of two at any time
For N = 30 To 0 Step -1 ' We can think of this as looping from left to right, down the power of 2 values. 30 seems to be the limit before something is too big
If DecNumber / (2 ^ N) >= 1 Then ' We need a 1 in the position, for this power of 2
Let NumberInBinary2sCompliment = NumberInBinary2sCompliment & "1" ' putting effectively a 1 in the position, for this power of 2
Let DecNumber = DecNumber - (2 ^ N) ' We have effectively accounted for an amount equal to this power of 2, so the decimal number we will further investigate must effectively be reduced
Else ' We cant effectively eat up am amount from the decimal of this value of power 2 as the decimal total is smaller, so the binary string needs a 0 at this position
Let NumberInBinary2sCompliment = NumberInBinary2sCompliment & "0"
End If
Next N ' We effectively go to the next power of 2 down
Exit Function ' We are finished here for a positive decimal number
Else ' The case of a negative decimal number
For the positive number we just divide the decimal number by decreasing powers of 2.
__ If that gives >= 1 then we add a 1 to the binary number string, effectively then that is at a position for that power of 2. The decimal number is then reduced accordingly by that power of 2 amount.
__ If that division gave a number less than 1 then a 0 is added to the binary number string
Then we repeat this for the next power of two down, and so on.
For this, our new coding, for this case of a positive number, the function would finally end , Exit Function when all powers of two had been considered. This section is mostly a copy of the simple decimal to binary function, as in my Function NumberInBinary(ByVal DecNumber As Long) As String (https://www.excelfox.com/forum/showthread.php/2989-Rough-Notes-and-posts-to-be-referenced-from-elsewhere-on-VBA-Windows-API?p=24918&viewfull=1#post24918)

For the Case of a negative decimal number, its just a case of carefully following the exactly the process of 2's compliment in some way

The following coding description is the first way I came up with, so I doubt it’s the most efficient It will do for now
I will do that in the next post as its specifically for getting the 2’s compliment and it may be good to have a separate post to reference later


…. Continued in the next post

[DocAElstein]

2’s Compliment Function Decimal To Binary conversion, section for negative Decimal numbers
'== Rem 2 == 2's complement Negative Binary number from decimal ==========================
The coding is not written particularly efficient. It’s written in a way to help understand more clearly what is going on for learning purposes and better later revision
'2a) I see no fundamental reason not to work on the negative decimal number, but for clarity I make the decimal number to its absolute (positive) value here. (A sign change would do just as well here)
'2b) This section is once again possibly an inefficient thing to do, but for clarity, I find the power of 2 number ( value of N ) at which (2 ^ N) is equal or bigger than the (now considered as positive) decimal number. In effect we know the position where in simple normal binary the first 1 would go looking left to right, in other words we effectively have this value, ( at the (2 ^ 6) ) , when considering normal binary values
9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 ---- N from (2 ^ N)
0 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 ---- Normal binary number
For the above example, I am saying we are at the left first digit of a final binary number that , as example, would look in normal binary, if written as one might manually in maths class at school, as this
1 1 0 1 1 0 0
'2c) This section is just the classic school maths, as we did before a few times, of converting a decimal to a binary, just back to front with a 0 put where you would have put a 1 and visa versa. This is because, considering the last example again, we want to have the "flip" of that, so we actually want
0 0 1 0 0 1 1
'2c)(i) Using the above example again, I am at the start of constructing the string variable to be returned by the function, NumberInBinary2sCompliment, or rather , at the first significant part, effectively what would be the first 1 in normal binary. But, in actual fact, I want the "flip" of it. Rather than construct it and then flip it, which would be talking inefficiency a bit far, I construct it on the flip side as it where. So I add my first character to the string. It will be the flip of 1, so it will be 0
'2c)(ii)The first binary digit was known so added above, as was the reduction of the decimal value by the (2 ^ N) value. So now we continue the looping for the rest
I am using a Do While Loop for no particular reason, rather than a For Next Loop, - its just slightly simpler than having to have a variable, such as NN for the next N to use in a line like For N = NN To 0 Step -1 . But basically I do now the classic progression in school maths that we did a few times already, just back to front(flipped), i.e., with a 0 put where you would put a 1 and visa versa
So at the end of this section I have my final flipped binary number for the decimal value. In other words I have the exact flip of the normal binary for the decimal number.
'2d) I have the flip, so I now want to add a 1 in binary
I loop, effectively going from right to left along the binary number. Because of the way I add a 1 in binary, I effectively am looking for the next " empty" , that is to say 0 , in which to "dump" this 1. If however, I find a 1, I must change that 1 to a 0, and try again at the next left position. I am finished in this For Next loop as soon as I have "got rid" of the 1
At this point I sort of, have my final 2s Compliment binary number. But generally, a binary in computer workings has a fixed length , so that a normal number would then have a lot of 0s added to the left, or as many as needed to get the length, probably 32 I would guess. In this negative value 2s compliment, the basic idea is the same, except that 1s are added to the left.
'2e) This effectively adds 1s to the left to get the full digit size of a typical computer number ( remember the way I chose to do this , means that sections '2b) and '2c) may get me a small number of digits for a small decimal number, something like 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 , rather than a more typical in computing thing where unused digits are at 0, (for positive binary numbers ), like 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 0
So, three simple lines:
_ I make a variable of the length finally wanted. (The characters I use is irrelevant!!°)
_ The RSet statement puts my current 2s compliment binary number at the right of the made string, ( and the rest of the characters become spaces, - !!° hence the characters I used to make the string was irrelevant )
_ The spaces are changed to 1s



That’s it!, or rather this is it below – the full working function Function NumberInBinary2sCompliment(ByVal DecNumber As Long) As String
The over next post (https://www.excelfox.com/forum/showthread.php/2989-Rough-Notes-and-posts-to-be-referenced-from-elsewhere-on-VBA-Windows-API?p=24923&viewfull=1#post24923) details a quick test of the function



' https://www.excelfox.com/forum/showthread.php/2989-Rough-Notes-and-posts-to-be-referenced-from-elsewhere-on-VBA-Windows-API?p=24922&viewfull=1#post24922
Public Function NumberInBinary2sCompliment(ByVal DecNumber As Long) As String
If Not DecNumber < 0 Then
Rem 1 Positive decimal number
Let NumberInBinary2sCompliment = NumberInBinary2sCompliment & "0" ' The first digit ( or last 32th if you prefer ) is included, 0 is for a positive number
' Here we go again with the classic school maths way of converting a decimal number to binary
Dim N As Long ' N is effectively the power of two at any time
For N = 30 To 0 Step -1 ' We can think of this as looping from left to right, down the power of 2 values. 30 seems to be the limit before something is too big
If DecNumber / (2 ^ N) >= 1 Then ' We need a 1 in the position, for this power of 2
Let NumberInBinary2sCompliment = NumberInBinary2sCompliment & "1" ' putting effectively a 1 in the position, for this power of 2
Let DecNumber = DecNumber - (2 ^ N) ' We have effectively accounted for an amount equal to this power of 2, so the decimal number we will further investigate must effectively be reduced
Else ' We cant effectively eat up am amount from the decimal of this value of power 2 as the decimal total is smaller, so the binary string needs a 0 at this position
Let NumberInBinary2sCompliment = NumberInBinary2sCompliment & "0"
End If
Next N ' We effectively go to the next power of 2 down
Exit Function ' We are finished here for a positive decimal number
Else ' The case of a negative decimal number
'== Rem 2 == 2's 2's complement Negative Binary number from decimal ===============================
'2a)
Let DecNumber = Abs(DecNumber) ' We know we are negative, that will be taken care of automatically later as a result of making all unused digits 1. I could probably fiddle the maths below to work on negative numbers, but just for lazy comvenmience I will make the decimal number positive here
'2b) This bit brings me
Let N = 30 ' Back to the start left of our powers of 2
Dim Frac As Double: Let Frac = DecNumber / (2 ^ N)
Do While Frac < 1 ' We want to get to the number of digits needed for the number when in normal binary representation. Mostly lazy convenience I think so as to see a nice smaller amount of 0s and 1s when testing/ debugging
Let N = N - 1
Let Frac = DecNumber / (2 ^ N)
Loop ' While Frac < 1 ' I am effectibely working from left to right along the power to 2 range,
'2c) The classic school maths of converting a decimal to a binary, just back to front (fliped) with a 0 put where you would put a 1 and visa versa
'2c)(i) In normal binary I know I want my first 1,
Let NumberInBinary2sCompliment = "0" ' so we have as many digits as we need and we know the first digit would be 1 in binary , but in 2sCompliment it will be "0"
Let DecNumber = DecNumber - (2 ^ N) ' this and the last line are effectively the first use of the If section in the school maths way of converting a decimal to a binary
'2c)(ii)
Do While N <> 0
Let N = N - 1
If DecNumber / (2 ^ N) >= 1 Then ' The next 3 code lines are the classic progression in school maths, just back to front(flipped) with a 0 put where you would put a 1 and visa versa
Let NumberInBinary2sCompliment = NumberInBinary2sCompliment & "0"
Let DecNumber = DecNumber - (2 ^ N)
Else
Let NumberInBinary2sCompliment = NumberInBinary2sCompliment & "1"
End If
Loop ' While N <> 0
'2d) add 1 in binary maths
Dim ToAdd As Long: Let ToAdd = 1 ' I have 1 and I need to get rid of it. (##I don't need the variable, I could use just a 1 in place of it) I work from the right of the binary number and effectively dump it on the first position with a 0 If the positon is 1 already, I must changer that to 0 , - a bit like reaching 10 in normal maths, where you leave aa 0 then carry the 1 over to the next column/digit on the left, then try again to get rid of the 1
For N = Len(NumberInBinary2sCompliment) To 1 Step -1 ' Effectively going from right to left along the binary number
If Mid(NumberInBinary2sCompliment, N, 1) = 0 Then ' I can dump my 1 here then i am finished with this section
Mid(NumberInBinary2sCompliment, N, 1) = ToAdd ' ##I don't need the variable, I could use just a 1 in place of it
Let ToAdd = 0 ' I don't need this as I am finished here.
Exit For ' As soon as we got rid of the 1 to add, we are finished
Else ' I must have come acros a 1
Mid(NumberInBinary2sCompliment, N, 1) = 0 ' I hit a 1, so 1+1 in binary is like reaching 10 in normal maths, where you leave aa 0 then carry the 1 over to the next column/digit on the left, then try again to get rid of the 1
End If
Next N ' Go to next character to the left to see if it is 0 so that I can get rid of the 1 ToAdd
'2e) ' my final binary number could be short or long at this point depending on the size of the original decimal number. This ssection
Dim BiffaBin As String: Let BiffaBin = String$(32, " ") ' Make a string of the length I want, (The characters I use is irrelevant!!)
RSet BiffaBin = NumberInBinary2sCompliment ' The RSet statement puts my current 2s compliment binary number at the right of the made string, ( and the rest of the characters become spaces, hence the characters I used to make the string was irrelevant!! )
Let NumberInBinary2sCompliment = Replace(BiffaBin, " ", "1", 1, -1, vbBinaryCompare) '
End If
End Function

[DocAElstein]

Original post #15, Forum post24923 It slipped down to post #16 after I made a copy, which is the post above
https://www.excelfox.com/forum/showthread.php/2989-Rough-Notes-and-posts-to-be-referenced-from-elsewhere-on-VBA-Windows-API?p=24923&viewfull=1#post24923

Here is a full set of codings to conclude the last few posts up to post #14 (https://www.excelfox.com/forum/showthread.php/2989-Rough-Notes-and-posts-to-be-referenced-from-elsewhere-on-VBA-Windows-API?p=24922&viewfull=1#post24922) and to test the final function from then, Function NumberInBinary2sCompliment(ByVal DecNumber As Long) As String

You need that function and these codings below.
Then run Sub TryMyFuncsNumberInBinary2sComplimentNumbersInVBAIf _And_Then() ( All codings are also in the uploaded file, GetHwndClassNameCaptionHwnd.xls in the second worksheet code module


Sub TryMyFuncsNumberInBinary2sComplimentNumbersInVBAIf _And_Then()
Range("F2:F20").Clear
Dim Rw As Long, arrRws() As Variant: Let arrRws() = Range("A1:C20").Value
For Rw = 2 To 20
Let Range("F" & Rw) = NumbersInVBAIf_And_Then(arrRws(Rw, 2), arrRws(Rw, 3))
Next Rw

End Sub
Public Function NumbersInVBAIf_And_Then(ByVal Dec1 As Long, ByVal Dec2 As Long) As Boolean
Rem 1 the two decimal numbers to a string in the form of the computer binary 0s and 1s representation
Dim Bin1 As String, Bin2 As String ' String representation helps prevent loosing leading 0's
Let Bin1 = NumberInBinary2sCompliment(Dec1): Bin2 = NumberInBinary2sCompliment(Dec2)
Rem 2 starting from the left compare the characters in the corresponding position in the two strings. As soon as you get a 1 in both , you make the functions returned output as True and exit the function, otherwise the function returns false if you never get a pair of 1s
Dim TPwr As Long
For TPwr = 1 To 32 Step 1
If Mid(Bin1, TPwr, 1) = 1 And Mid(Bin2, TPwr, 1) = 1 Then Let NumbersInVBAIf_And_Then = True: Exit Function
Next TPwr
End Function



The results in column F are in agreement with those in column D, (Column D results that mirror the behaviour seen of the VBA If __ And __ Then for those number examples.
https://i.postimg.cc/mZNxBPpJ/Correct-results-using-Function-Number-In-Binary2s-Compliment.jpg 6123
https://i.postimg.cc/mZNxBPpJ/Correct-results-using-Function-Number-In-Binary2s-Compliment.jpg (https://postimages.org/)

[DocAElstein]

This was copied from the original post #15, and it became a new post #15, and in doing so shifted the original post #15 down, which is now Post #16
https://www.excelfox.com/forum/showthread.php/2989-Rough-Notes-and-posts-to-be-referenced-from-elsewhere-on-VBA-Windows-API?p=24925&viewfull=1#post24925



A Monday morning refresh of my explanations in the light of some learning in this thread (https://eileenslounge.com/viewtopic.php?f=30&t=41610)
Back to the main coding from the top of this page (https://www.excelfox.com/forum/showthread.php/2989-Rough-Notes-and-posts-to-be-referenced-from-elsewhere-on-VBA-Windows-API?p=24916&viewfull=1#post24916)
The coding seems to do what a Layman might regard as getting some identity information about things you got running on your desktop, narrowed down to what you experience/ see, and not necessarily everything going on.
Start at Rem2 , the meaty stuff,
'2a) This somehow gets me "on the desktop", ( - where I prefer to be, (it’s the lesser of the Evils, compared to a zombie with a Smartphone) ). I am at some sort upper level, I am not sure what I am allowed to call it. I think I am going on to look at things that are some how on , attached, belong to this level, or could be thought as the level below it. Children of the desktop perhaps, for want of a more politically correct wording

'2b) I am looping things, things which I as a Layman, I think are the things I see going on, on my desktop. I use the typical VBA Do While __ Loop, looping way, where the loop keeps going while some condition is met. Often that condition is that another one is found of something. In this case its windows of the sort I am looking for
'2b)(i) As is typical with this use of a VBA Do While __ Loop, just before we go into the loop, an attempt is made to find the first one. So a code line is done which typically will be similar to the last one in the loop, as the loop at the start is told to keep going While. Specifically I find the window at the top of the z order, which can be thought of as the one active, or the one I am most looking at. The z order should perhaps be though of as a sort of lateral / horizontal set of things, rather than the main vertical levels in an explorer type view. It’s a bit of a personal conception sometimes perhaps
'2b)(ii) I am looping as long as I find a handle
Often things without a caption seem to be repeats, not all, but in any case it seems that things without a caption are not useful to know about. Or in any case the code author seems to think so. It narrows down quite a bit how many things we find, so
If Len(strCaption) > 0 Then
gets rid of those, or rather arranges that we hop over them without giving information out about them.
We go then into a couple of lines that further narrows down substantially which of the found things we give output about. It considers its "Style”. Why the word style is used as a way of saying "type of” or similar perhaps has some meaning to someone privy to deeper knowledge? For us as Laymen it seems to allow us to pick out a style which narrows things down to what we experience as being there or running
In particular how the code line If lngStyle And mcWS_VISIBLE Then actually works is the main point of the discussion around here: https://eileenslounge.com/viewtopic.php?p=322270#p322270 ,so I won’t repeat all that, - it is close to getting well understood and explained, I think, thanks to someone smart setting me straight

The next few lines output the Window identification info, exactly what that is , is still getting a bit more clarity from about here

The last line of the loop, in the loop, is the one similar to the one just before the loop. It gets us the next child thing, so just slightly different to the one just before the loop: we get the handle of the window next in the z order, if there is one.

Here is today’s fresh version of the coding to get window info, as explained above. (The top API function Declaration section has not changed, so I miss that out for clarity):

Public Sub fEnumWindowsPost15Post() ' https://eileenslounge.com/viewtopic.php?p=322275#p322275
Rem 1 ' Some headings for worksheet output, and for me to remeber when/ what computer I was on, not important for understanding the main coding
Dim Ws As Worksheet: Set Ws = ThisWorkbook.Worksheets.Item(1)
Dim Lc As Long, Lr As Long: Let Lc = Ws.Cells.Item(2, Ws.Columns.Count).End(xlToLeft).Column
Let Ws.Cells.Item(1, Lc + 1) = CreateObject("WScript.Network").ComputerName & " " & Format(Now(), "ddd,dd,mmm,yyyy") ' Environ$("computername") Nigel Heffernan https://stackoverflow.com/questions/3551055/how-to-get-name-of-the-computer-in-vba/10108951#10108951
Let Ws.Cells.Item(2, Lc + 1) = "Hwnd": Let Ws.Cells.Item(2, Lc + 2) = "Class Name": Let Ws.Cells.Item(2, Lc + 3) = "Caption": Let Ws.Cells.Item(2, Lc + 4) = "Hwnd( Caption)" ' : Let Ws.Cells.Item(2, Lc + 5) = "enum visible?"

Rem 2 ' The next is all mostly from Dev Ashish http://access.mvps.org/access/api/api0013.htm
Dim lngx As Long, lngLen As Long, lngStyle As Long, strCaption As String
'2a) This somehow gets me to my start point, whatever I am allowed to call it
Let lngx = apiGetDesktopWindow(): Debug.Print "Geted Desktop Window " & lngx & " " & " CLass name " & fGetClassName(lngx)
'2b) Loop to get info from windows at some sort of "top, main, visible or some such"
'2b)(i)
Let lngx = apiGetWindow(lngx, mcGWCHILD): Debug.Print " First child to Desktop " & lngx & " CLass name " & fGetClassName(lngx) ' GW_CHILD = 5 The topmost of the given window's child windows. This has the same effect as using the GetTopWindow function, ... usually at the top of all the other children in the Z-order
'2b)(ii)
Do While Not lngx = 0 ' We are looping "equal level children", seperated not realy, just look seperate to us because of the seen to us z order
Let strCaption = fGetCaption(lngx)
If Len(strCaption) > 0 Then ' Those without a caption seem not important
Let lngStyle = apiGetWindowLong(lngx, mcGWLSTYLE) ' apiGetWindowLong gets info, GWL_STYLE -16 retrieves the window styles
If lngStyle And mcWSVISIBLE Then ' ' For enum visible windows only - see here for full discusions of what this is about https://eileenslounge.com/viewtopic.php?p=322270#p322270
Let Lr = Ws.Cells.Item(Ws.Rows.Count, Lc + 1).End(xlUp).Row ' Handle Class name Caption
' If lngStyle And mcWSVISIBLE Then
' Let Ws.Cells.Item(Lr + 1, Lc + 5) = "enum visible got from " & lngStyle & " And " & mcWSVISIBLE
' Else
' '
' End If
Debug.Print FindWndNumber(lpClassName:=fGetClassName(lngx), lpWindowName:=vbNullString), fGetClassName(lngx); Tab(50); fGetCaption(lngx); Tab(100); FindWndNumber(lpClassName:=vbNullString, lpWindowName:=fGetCaption(lngx))
Let Ws.Cells.Item(Lr + 1, Lc + 1) = FindWndNumber(lpClassName:=fGetClassName(lngx), lpWindowName:=vbNullString)
Let Ws.Cells.Item(Lr + 1, Lc + 2) = fGetClassName(lngx)
Let Ws.Cells.Item(Lr + 1, Lc + 3) = fGetCaption(lngx)
Let Ws.Cells.Item(Lr + 1, Lc + 4) = FindWndNumber(lpClassName:=vbNullString, lpWindowName:=fGetCaption(lngx))
End If
End If
Let lngx = apiGetWindow(lngx, mcGWHWNDNEXT) ' GW_HWNDNEXT = 2 The window below the given window in the Z-order.
Loop ' While Not lngx = 0 ' I am going through all the child windows of the desktop windows
End Sub
Private Function fGetCaption(Hwnd As Long) As String
Dim strBuffer As String, intCount As Integer
Let strBuffer = String$(Number:=255 - 1, Character:="0") ' "00000000000000000000000000000000..........000"
Let intCount = apiGetWindowText(Hwnd:=Hwnd, lpString:=strBuffer, aint:=255) ' This makes strBuffer something like *MSCTFIME UI 0000000000000000............000"
If intCount > 0 Then Let fGetCaption = Left$(strBuffer, intCount)
End Function
Private Function fGetClassName(Hwnd As Long) As String
Dim strBuffer As String, intCount As Integer
Let strBuffer = String$(255 - 1, 0)
Let intCount = apiGetClassName(Hwnd, strBuffer, mconMAXLEN)
If intCount > 0 Then
Let fGetClassName = Left$(strBuffer, intCount)
End If
End Function

[DocAElstein]

' Some further experiments

later